Posts Tagged ‘6 stars’

God Particles

Wednesday, May 21st, 2008

by Thomas Lux
Houghton Mifflin 2008
Reviewed by David Sewell

six

Just in Time!

lux coverWithin mere minutes of being handed this book by Coldfront’s own hyacinth boy and squirreling it in my man-style tote bag for safekeeping, things in my life started to fall apart. Common sense may argue that it is I and, more particularly, my puff adder of a mouth that’s responsible for all of my problems, but I’m not ready to let Thomas Lux off the hook yet.

“God knows, / there’s no reason for God to feel guilt,” the title poem sashays. Well, duh. I was saying that Lux may be to blame, not God. Anyway. “I think He was downhearted, weary, too weary / to be angry anymore, or vengeful, / or forgiving, and He wanted each of us, / and all the things we touch / and are touched by, / to have a tiny piece of Him, / though we are unqualified / for even a crumb of a crumb.”

So, yes, it would seem then that God is not the one to hang the seagull necklace on—I mean, he tried, creating me from some old dust, giving me a good go at it on my own. Even after he threw in the towel, with the blowing himself up and the precipitating the particles and everything. He tried. His conscience is clear. But it was just too late. I was busy touching those around me with Sewell particles, instead of God particles (which, as I’ve noted, were in my in-no-way-feminine tote, yet unread), and that has made all the difference. The “tender rain of Him” falling “on every cow, ladle, leaf, human, ax handle, swing set” had not come soon enough for some of us swing sets. As Lux says, we are unqualified for His particles. And Sewell particles are simply not good enough for girls with page-boy haircuts. It is not how He wanted it to be; it is how it is.

Speaking of which, I sometimes think it’s a good idea that they don’t let cars drive on the sidewalk. At any rate, in the interests of aversion therapy, I will now attempt something like a review of this book, even though it may very well curse to damnation anyone who grasps it, which you may want to keep in mind when considering a purchase. I’m not saying that, without a doubt, it will ruin your life to be within cat-swinging distance of this slim volume, but I do think caution is key in situations such as this. One must be so careful these days.

Unfortunately, the darkly bright and sprite Lux of books past, the Lux who seems to live in another world entirely, has been too much in our soiled cities of petty jealousies and violent skirmishes to be as much fun as we may want. There are still flashes of the old brilliance here and there. The first section doesn’t disappoint in this regard. “Peacocks in Twilight,” for example, lives in that Tate/Knott/Edson nexus that amazes in ways delightful and disturbing. After telling us of his plans to shoot said peacocks in twilight with his father’s gun, he adds, “Daddy didn’t like peacocks / in twilight either, they offended / an iron aesthetic of his, something to do / with loathing cheap beauty, the meretricious, which I must have inherited, / or else I love to hear and see / the peahens weep.”

“Behind the Horseman Sits Black Care” is strange and fun and from a place that only Lux and a few others seem able to plumb with consistent results. Various dead or dying (one presumes) people—Black Care, Slit Throat, Nipple Cancer, et al.—are all riding, stacked on each other’s shoulders and such, on the chevalier’s horse, to death, or hell, or somewhere dark. But the Horseman “prefers none of this.” He “desires a doorway, / a cave’s mouth, a clothesline—or best: a low, hard, / garrotey branch.”

File that poem and “Her Hat, That Party on Her Head,” with its fine balance of silliness and resonance (the woman with the “birthday party on her head” is pacing aimlessly, in apparent pain over a loss), and most of the other poems in the first section next to the Lux poems everyone knows and loves. These are poems of a beguiling and belying clarity and a practiced ease of language, sometimes annoyingly novel (“Hitler’s Slippers”) and sometimes asking one too many dances of an extended metaphor (“The Lead Hour,” “The Pier Aspiring”), but altogether delightful in their revealing of a highly personal and individual world and a wonderfully adept and talented tour guide.

In Act 2 of three, Lux seems to have been loosed on the moor, where he wanders aimlessly, excoriating wildly and shaking a cold fist hither and thither. Our God from the title poem may be too tired and old to be angry anymore, but age seems to be having an opposite effect on Lux. And, unfortunately, anger, as of most men, is unbecoming of him. One sees this ire mostly aimed at those who would use God’s name to blow something/someone up. Fair enough. But Lux here is less the poet than the cable news hector. “Their Feet Shall Slide in Due Time” soberly finds solace in Deuteronomy’s promise that “the wicked, the venal, / shall face a steep, greasy hill whose fortress / they cannot take,” where inevitably they’ll lose their footing and fall. “Invective,” on the other hand, wishes some special someone “boils, pocks, and blisters.” Lux prays that “your son wish to be a poet” and “your wife fucks you / in the ass,” and, finally, that “your next breath, / and each one thereafter, fills your lungs / with the stink of your corpse.”

Lux rails against the consumerization of Christ (or relics, at least; “Jesus’ Baby Teeth”) and informs us that, though he did behead his neighbor’s ceramic duck, “a book / did not tell me I had the right to do so, / nor did I hear a voice, / a promise, from a pearly place.” As the poem “5,495″ chides us, Jesus was, apparently, whipped 5,495 times. For comparison’s sake, “A Jew on the way to the gas chamber didn’t (collectively / is another story), nor did he carry / the gas chamber on his back / to the chamber site.” The poem ends, “every day in your name, and/or your father’s, or / some other god’s, God forgive me.” God, yes; Apollo, maybe not.

This my-god-can-do-more-pushups-than-your-god stuff is tiresome (“Certainly my god / can rip the heart from your god’s chest” is maybe meant sarcastically, is maybe in someone else’s mouth, but still…) and not particularly well served by a poetic setting, nor does poetry benefit much from having it as a subject matter. This section of religion/God-tinged poems pulls a few other monkeys out of its hat, but they mostly beat the same diminutive tin cymbals over and over again. There is a bit of freshness here, too, but if you really want to know more about the poem that imagines some Amish marauders murdering a drunken Quaker, you will have to risk curse and damnation and pick up the book for yourself.

The third section is underwhelming, too, but for different, less-jingo-jangly reasons. At times it feels like the good poems went in the first section, the God poems in the second, and the less-good everything else in the third. “Mole Emerging from Trench Wall, Verdun, 1916″ is perhaps the best of the section, and it shows that temporal distance serves Lux better than trying to deal with contemporary issues, such as the very current problem of religiously motivated terrorism. “Toad on a Golf Tee” explores just what the title portends and proves that, though a poem can be written about most anything, maybe not always a worthwhile one.

There are several cases where Lux seems to be pointing at poets and poetry he doesn’t like, often in a sarcastic kind of way. From “Vaticide”: “The murder (metaphorical) of poets, / is not such a bad idea in some cases.” It’s probably best not to think too much of this, but that three or so poems deal with Lux’s feelings for other poets paints the poor man’s Fabio in a somewhat cranky light. Ditto the couple or so poems that praise the act of reading and libraries—preaching to the choir, perhaps, and, as with the poems against certain poets/poetry, time spent somewhat profligately. 

In the end, it’s only about one-half of the book that hits the sweet spot. I admire that Lux has the courage to take things to places he doesn’t always go, it’s just that some of these poems might have been better kept in his private reserve. Then again, it’s been recently proven that I should just stop talking, and maybe that I should have never started. So, as with many good poets, bad or less-good Lux is not bad poetry, it’s just a reminder of what we miss in a person we’ve come to know and like. As for bad Sewells, well, as Lux once wrote, love is “all sore and dumb / and dangerous.” Sewells sometimes too.


The Virgin Formica

Friday, April 25th, 2008

by Sharon Mesmer
Hanging Loose Press 2008
Reviewed by P.J. Gallo

six

Once a Punk

mesmer cover

My introduction to the work of Sharon Mesmer was a YouTube video in which she reads four invariably obscene poems, titled “Annoying Diabetic Bitch,” “Ass Vagina,” “Squid Versus Assclown,” and “You Fucked Jimmy” at the Bowery Poetry Club for the 2006 Flarf Poetry Festival. I must admit I came to her newest collection, The Virgin Formica, with a sizable set of preconceptions.

While Mesmer still manages to disgust, she does so in doses bearable and often comical. These largely voice-driven poems are not groundbreaking—think Kathy Acker meets Eileen Myles—but they keep alive a vital, post-punk, feminine, American mode of speech. The book is not without moments of utter solipsism and gratuitous sexual explicitness—her poem “I’m Not Sorry,” for instance, describes the smell of male genitalia, “and that area between the dick and the balls / smells like that plastic stuff they sell way west on Canal Street”—but Mesmer’s voice plainly offers a raw and often refreshing sense of uncompromised subversion along with moments of sweet nostalgia.

Mesmer couldn’t have picked a better opening poem than “Canticle.” Not only is it one of the best-executed examples of her varied colloquial voice, but it prefigures the rest of the book. Early in the poem, Mesmer proposes a kind of manifesto for her work when she writes, “but I haven’t been writing much poetry lately. / I’ve been rockin’.” Besides the obvious irony of this line being a part of a poem, we know what she means. “Rockin’” is an appropriate euphemism for Mesmer’s overtly “anti-intellectual” persona. Parts of these poems cannot be examined in the context of academic criticism (in which they would be too easily written off) because they specifically attempt to defy contemporary convention. But Mesmer seems conscious of the problems with this defiance and, in a later poem, her speaker adopts the name “Auntie Intellectual”—a handle that at once embraces and denies her own intellectual tendencies. Also, she is quick to leap from slangy crudeness into a more recognizable poetic mode. For instance, later in “Canticle,” she describes “rockin’”:

Oh Lucifer, light-bringer,
singer of our hymns to failure,
cut us loose from our tribal pieties,
our forebodings at what this new age means,
for we shall be known by new names.

These lines give the dual sense of silly, melodramatic irony and a sincere pleading for the detachment that only a more visceral art can provide, and their complexity affords a certain knowing smile in any reader who has reminisced about the once intoxicating effects of “rockin’.”

Irony is Mesmer’s weapon of choice, but she uses it with sporadic quality. In her flawed “Blue-Collar Typeface” for instance, she describes a series of people who inaccurately think or wish they are blue-collar. In the finale of the poem, she defends real blue-collar people against these poseurs:

I know lots of useless,
imperfectly complicated
blue-collar people.
And their line breaks
kick your line breaks’s
ass.

She is of course being ironic. Nevertheless, these lines immediately reestablish a duality between two classes of people, undermining the poem’s earlier and quite ingenious breaking down of this duality. The idea that blue-collar poets are in some way separate from poets of other-colored-collars, and that these poets somehow need defense against what can only be thought of as some ethereal intellectualist or academic force is philosophically backward. At one point she writes with sincerity, “Blue-collar people often don’t care about / academic poetry, / the breaking of the line,” and in one stroke belittles both blue-collar poets and the conventions of what she considers an academic poetry. This poem is the most obvious example of moral carelessness in the guise of self-righteousness throughout the book, but every dozen or so pages, her work requires a moment of pause, not in contemplation, but in dismissal.

It must be mentioned that the second section of Mesmer’s book is devoted to a poem/comic collaboration with David Borchart called “Madame Bowery.” Surprisingly, the language itself stands out from underneath the shadow cast by the overwhelming novelty inherent in the inclusion of a comic in a book of poetry. In a common and overtly post-modern way, the poem and the art successfully annex some of the themes of Madame Bovary, namely helplessness (at one point the character glides along a set of railroad tracks) and the potential of language (“but that was the golden age, before men figured things out and everything started sounding like Tonto said it”), but the comic’s strength lies in the heroine’s various analyses of self and society. At one point, this strangely drawn three-eyed female speaker provides another broad manifesto for Mesmer’s work saying, “I want to discuss continuity now, imposing chaos on order.” It is in these moments Mesmer realizes the great philosophical monsters hiding behind her post-punk, anti-intellectual aesthetic.

Because Mesmer’s poems are often self-interested, many of the strongest moments in her new book refer specifically to herself and her own voice. A few of the book’s best are “Never Lose Your Sense of Wonder,” “Retarded Aerosmith World,” and “Lonely Tylenol.” In “Stupid University Job,” she writes of her tragic flaw, “Mine is like that of the naked man / who holds up a sign that says I’m ‘naked.’” Of all her mini-manifestoes and moments of self-consciousness, this is her most accurate. The Virgin Formica is antipathetic and subversive, but Mesmer makes no bones about reminding us.

*


The Splintered Face: Tsunami Poems

Wednesday, March 26th, 2008

by Indran Amirthanayagam
Hanging Loose Press 2008
Reviewed by J. Mae Barizo

6stars_7

Pictures of Grief

amirthan cover“I find it hard to write even today about this tremendous beast,” Indran Amirthanayagam writes in the preface to The Splintered Face: Tsunami Poems, referring to the 2004 natural disaster that took the lives of over 225,000 victims in southeast Asia. On December 26, 2004, the day that his country of birth, Sri Lanka, “lost half its face,” he was consumed by a desire to “write that face back.”

He is not the first writer faced with the urge to bear witness to calamity. Nelly Sachs survived the concentration camps of World War II, going on to write literature that would win her a Nobel prize in 1966; Gottfried Benn worked as an army physician for prostitutes during World War I, his poems from that period marked by their preoccupation with decay and the human body. More recently, there is Mary Jo Bang’s Elegy. There is also D. Nurkse’s Burnt Island, which contains a series of poems that are a homage to post 9/11 New York. Tragedy is difficult to chronicle for the same reason that it is difficult for a trauma patient to revamp his or her damaged psyche: the mind possesses an aggressive anathema towards healing.

Amirthanayagam displays that he is no stranger to the backdrop of the disaster. There is an inherent ease in the way that he describes the allure and the ferocity of the sea; one can almost smell the salt and feel the stickiness of the tropical fruit on the fingertips while reading his well-crafted verse. It is the emotional map of the poem that is less developed, but he does his best to transport the reader to the scenes of wreckage: fisherman’s shanties, village churches, holiday hotels along the gutted coast. In “Commandment,” he does a praiseworthy job of conjuring up the injured landscape:

…the sea drew back
exposing rocks
huge like elephants,

then catapulted,
bludgeoning beaches,
bodies roused out
of seething, headless water,

The five-hundred-mile-an-hour
funeral march;”

The writing is vivid; the lines are fluid; the narrative is propelled incessantly by loss. It is this omnipresent saturation with death and devastation, however, which tends to wear heavily on the reader. What is it that happens in the mind as it attempts to simultaneously delve into and skirt around catastrophe? Maurice Blachot, in his book, L’Ecriture du Desastre, writes: “it is not knowledge of the disaster, but knowledge as disaster and knowledge disastrously — carries us…deports us (whom it smites and nonetheless leaves untouched), straight to ignorance, and puts us face to face with ignorance of the unknown so that we forget, endlessly.” The reader of The Splintered Face is constantly reminded of this endless cycle of remembering and forgetting as we become aware of Amirthanayagam’s writing processes. Again and again, we are given a glimpse of the Tsunami and its aftermath, while the author projects heartbreak, anger and futility onto the speechless victims in his poems. This transference suggests to me that the author has not fully internalized death, and in order to minimize his own vulnerability, transposes loss onto the various narrators of the poems.

Throughout the collection, Amirthanayagam often writes from the first-person viewpoints of survivors. In “Words and Orchids,” the narrator is a wife whose husband was washed away as “he sucked mangos with his hands.” “Faith” is told in the voice of a minister or priest of a congregation that “lost eighteen nuns that day.” “Wrecked: Coconuts” is a poem that tells the story of a fisherman who ate coconuts for twenty-five days until a ship found him, his wife and children swept away. The list goes on. This movable “I” of the collection, speaking from its numerous narrators, removes the author from the landscape of the poem, letting the victims speak for themselves.

This method is one that has been used before, notably by authors such as C.D. Wright and Bei Dao, and is successful when utilized tastefully. In The Splintered Face however, it contributed to my longing for a more unified continuum between thought and emotion, life and death. This use of multiple narrators, all infused with similar mournful inflections, prevented me from becoming vested in their stories, no matter how affecting they were. The well-crafted poems in this book are the ones that are committed to description, a type of lyrical yet informed journalistic cataloguing of events and characters which make sense of catastrophe from an appropriate emotional distance. Take for instance this terrific employment of description in “Order”:

:the past where we danced ballroom
while the children played carom, and mangos

stained our lapels, and today, hobbling,
scavenging in ash heaps, how easy

the arithmetic, day and night, two by two.
Bring on the mind workers.

Let a thousand doctors bloom.
I lived right here on the x, my name

is blue: sea green blue blue green…

The strongest poems in the collection, “Birds”, “Intruder:Mullaitivu”, “Teaching Noah”, and the stunning “Order” speak to the reader on a level which outstrips grief, approaching the disaster from a even-tempered place, rather than articulating from the seat of suffering. Writing from the experience, instead of about the actual event, allows the author to reject sensationalist methods of description, letting the poem transcend above disaster and all that the word demands.

*


Magnetic North

Wednesday, November 14th, 2007

by Linda Gregerson
Houghton Mifflin 2007
Reviewed by Melinda Wilson

six

Sweeter to be the Possum

gregerson cover

It is sweet to be Linda Gregerson at the moment. Her newest collection of poems, Magnetic North, has been nominated for the National Book Award. If the award were for best opening poem in a collection, or perhaps even best poem in a collection, Gregerson would have my vote.

Expectations are high after reading “Sweet.” In the poem, Gregerson splices the narrator’s mother’s solemn reaction to what the reader can only assume are the events of 9/11 with her narrator’s contemplation of the plight of a possum:

   
                      Our possum—she must be hungry or
             she wouldn’t venture out in so

             much daylight—has found
                     a way to maneuver on top of the snow.

 A parallel between an animal’s actions when faced with utter desperation and the actions of a human in equally desperate times is inevitable. The narrator of the poem seems to suggest that we humans would rather wait in the dark, in avoidance of problems that we’re met with than travel into the open or face what awaits us. As true as this may be, it is not the most interesting thing to surface in the poem.

It is clear that the possum sees the cover of darkness as a safety zone, and again, it becomes difficult not to compare the possum’s instinct with that of the human. In many instances, we mistake safety for simply not being seen, an interesting instinct that seems to be in place as a subconscious defense mechanism for both humans and possums.

So, if animals and humans react similarly in times of desperation, it is also possible to assume that they would do so in times of devastation. “There are principles at work,” the poet writes. How then is the possum that loses her young different from the human that loses loved ones in a disaster? Gregerson’s answer, though somewhat obvious, is intriguing:

     beholding a world of harm, the mind

 will apprehend some bringer-of-harm,
             some cause, or course,

             that might have been otherwise, had we possessed
                 the wit to see.

 Or ruthlessness. Or what? Or heart.

 Guilt seems the defining factor here. When faced with tragedy, rather than accepting it for what it is, we seem to want to place blame, and when there is no one person to address, we blame ourselves (despite the interminable time it may take for us to rest upon this notion). What does this say about humans? Do we think so much of ourselves that we truly think we have control over everything? It is sweeter to be the possum, I think.

So…why spend so much time on the first poem? Because it’s great, and because few other poems in this collection come close to it. Gregerson’s human mind-probes are consistently fascinating, and she has certainly done her research; her narrator consistently points out various facts that have been picked up from the multitude of books she has read, which, believe it or not, doesn’t become irritating until late in the collection. But once it occurs to the reader that Gregerson, or her narrator, must read (or hear) a lot of books, it becomes difficult to overlook the (forgive the term) snooty tone that develops. In “Over Easy” particularly, I’m having a great time picturing Gregerson as Mother Possum driving her kittens down an Ohio road, but am annoyed rather quickly by the pretentious under(or over)tones:

                  …My darlings don’t want
                 a book on tape. They want

                  a little indie rock, they want to melt
                         the tweeters, they want
                 mama in the trunk so they can have some un-
                                      remarked-on fun.

 Yeah, maybe I would too. Meanwhile, I’d rather not know what the narrator is pondering instead. She tells me anyway:

                  Fine. I’ve got my window, I can contemplate
                            the flatness of Ohio. I can think

                  about the ghastly things we’ve leached into
                                         the topsoil…

Even if her “darlings” never do consider these more philosophical and environmentally conscious subjects, it doesn’t mean they never will, nor does it mean that their indie rock isn’t worthwhile; is our narrator “above” indie rock? Too smart for it? If she chose to side with her naïve little bumpkins and listen to the music, would it make for a more interesting poem?

When Gregerson’s poems work, they are beautifully crafted, forceful, even magnetic (see: “De Magnete”). When they aren’t, they’re frustrating, one-dimensional, or worse, just kind of boring. You might say she accomplishes the former more than half of the time. The rest of the time, you’ll find it sweeter to be in the poem with the possum, I think. As for the National Book Award, well, who the hell knows.

*


Time and Materials

Wednesday, November 14th, 2007

by Robert Hass
Ecco Press 2007
Reviewed by Matthew Yeager

6stars_7

All that is Happening

hass cover

Few recent volumes of poetry have arrived to as much anticipation as Robert Hass’s fifth, Time and Materials. It’s his own doing. Hass is a heavyweight, a former laureate, and nearly twelve years have come and gone since he put out Sun Under Wood. With that much time (and is it really that much time?), an expectation mounts in the reader – so unfair to the writer – for a masterpiece, or at least a relative one. As human beings, (recollect both Hamlet’s address to the players and Eliot’s indictment of Hamlet), we crave that things be commensurate – be it expressed emotion with a given dramatic situation, time spent with product quality, punishment with crime, or simply “what goes in” with “what comes out.” This is why cleaning an apartment is such a predictable, reproducible pleasure: if I devote two hours to the task, I know my apartment will improve half as much as it would were I to sink four hours into it. On the flip side, it also explains why making art is frustrating to the point where frustration must be elevated to an ideal if one is to have some satisfaction. Whole mornings can disappear changing an “a” to a “the,” and the unfortunate fact of the medium of poetry, as all know, is that the finished products tend to veil the true process.

 I feel obligated, before I begin, to confess that no poet’s work and world-view have affected me so much those of Robert Hass. Of course, like any first love, logic of position had a good deal to do with this affection. I first encountered him five years ago, as a 22 year old undergraduate, new to poetry. I’d never seen such a Thanksgiving table of sensuous life. Over the next two years, I carried Sun Under Wood around with me were it a security blanket. On several occasions my relationship to the volume even engendered a thought that between the years of 2002 and 2004, no single human had read this one book more than I had. (These sorts of thoughts are dizzyingly pleasurable.) I’d also become visibly angry if anyone had a dismissive word to say about him. “Look at this!” I’d respond, jabbing my finger into a page. “Just look at what he does here!”

I can still hear the slow sound of the surf
of my breath drawing in.

I still think these lines are majestic. Perhaps with exception of “I have passed by the watchman on his beat / and dropped my eyes, unwilling to explain” (from Frost’s “Acquainted With the Night”), I cannot think of a line break that achieves such a startling mimesis. Over the course of the first of these lines, the reader’s breath, word by word, like a string of knotted kerchiefs being pulled out a sleeve, is taken out of him. One must physically draw a breath before uttering “of my breath drawing in.” It also teaches you what to read for. Much like a curiously-positioned accent mark in a poem by Berryman, Hass’s effect locates his poetry in the oral, at the speed of the ear. (In my opinion, much like vinyl records, poems have two basic speeds – eye speed and ear speed – and playing a poem at the wrong speed leads to distortion.) And I do think the ear is the best way to process Hass, although he certainly does work on a page. His formal ability to fold a complete, multi-clause sentence over five, six, seven lines (building and releasing tension, delaying pertinent information skillfully as Cicero in his periodic sentences) reminds me – how should I phrase this? – of attempting to re-fold shirts I’ve tried on in clothing stores. “How on earth,” I always think, moments before shuffling away from my fat, clumsy effort, “do these shop girls and shop boys do this?”

So anyhow, on my first trip through Time and Materials (though I’d girded myself against unrealistic expectations), I was surprised – and a little saddened – by how much of the language I felt like I’d seen before. I’m not talking about those fingerprints of phrasing and movement that one would file under “style.” And while not as distinct as, say, Lichtenstein’s Ben-day dots, Hass does have his stylistic signatures – most notably his grouting of statements with haiku-worthy everyday images (beach towels drying by moonlight on fences, gaps in people’s teeth, stones and shells on a windowsill). He also has his go-to subjects – the limits of language and imagination, the challenge of autobiography, the California wilderness, the literary tradition of Eastern Europe (especially Russia), etymology, Catholicism, sexual love. It would be nonsensical to demand of him a complete upheaval. It’d be like asking Egon Schiele to paint cows and barns. For instance, in no contemporary poet are the emotions of post-coital lovers drawn more movingly, more realistically, than in Hass. When I meet a “he” and a “she” towards the beginning of one of his longer poems, I immediately page ahead to see how much longer they’re going to exist. It’s a fine feeling like waking up before your alarm, and measuring how much sleep you have left – the longer the poem, the happier I am. There’s simply that much line-by-line pleasure.

No, what I’m talking about is a line like “it is good sometimes for poetry to disenchant us,” which appears in “The Problem of Describing Trees.” In his previous volume, in a poem entitled “Regalia for a Black Hat Dancer,” Hass wrote this line: “it is good sometimes that poetry should disenchant us.” Although I consoled myself that it wasn’t an exact facsimile – the Time and Materials version is more colloquial – I could hardly believe my eyes. What bothered me wasn’t that this line was recycled, but the fact that the gesture (and others like it) doesn’t enter into the expressed subject matter of the poem. Surely the poet knows he has written this line before. In all probability, it’s a line that pops into his head with regularity and has accrued, with the years, a personal significance. So why not interject and write the true poem? Why not tell us about what the line means to him, what sorts of situations call it to mind? Why not talk about that voice in his head that tells him, “Robert, tempting as it is, you can’t put these words in every poem, just as you couldn’t, as a child, wear your favorite sweater every day, but I will allow you to put it in here.” This isn’t a book like Berrigan’s Sonnets, where the overarching form has everything to do with cutting apart and re-configuring existing poems; in Berrigan the bells of recognition in the reader’s mind constitute a music that is, in fact, the poem. Hass’s work functions much differently; to work, it requires fresh language at every turn. And that’s a very high bar.

Of course, demanding a comment from him is only to hold him to his own standards; the man’s consciousness is vast, it’s “vast-vast,” and though his idea of the shorter lyric doesn’t admit much for it, he’s adept in longer pieces at overhearing himself, at reading the reader’s mind. This is why his longer pieces have such a sense of intimacy. He’s responding to you. He’s talking to you. In “I am your Waiter Tonight and my Name is Dimitri,” he addends a gorgeous, fourteen-line parenthetical phrase with:                                    

I frankly admit the syntax
of that sentence, like the intestines slithering from the hands
of the startled boys clutching their belly wounds
at the Somme, has escaped my grip. I step over it
gingerly. Where were we?

This is not easy in poetry. Unlike stand-up comedy, or any art where one has the instantaneous mirror of a present, responsive audience, a poet’s readers are wholly in the poet’s head.

On a second reading, I admit I liked Time and Materials more. There are even two or three poems that I love. Perhaps, with more readings, I’ll like the whole more and more. As a reader, I am personally not all that interested in what it is I feel in the midst of reading a poem. Scratch that. As a reader of poetry, I’m somewhat more interested in what comes after, how my own reality in the subsequent hours, days, and months is filtered to me through a particular poet’s poetry, in those subtle changes it undergoes, as if a different colored light-bulb were screwed into a fixture.

If one is looking in Hass for Hass, for a moment where he reveals, like a ship at sea radioing its whereabouts to shore, the exact positioning of his heart in regard to his world, one can find it in Time and Materials’ title poem. He writes:

The object of this poem is to report a theft,
In progress, of everything
That is not these words,
And their disposition on the page.

The phrasing of these lines has a wryness to me, a spread tail-feathers of intelligence that I’m not sure I like, but that’s not important. What’s important is the content. When I read them, they called to mind an earlier poem of his entitled “Our Lady of the Snows.” In this poem, one of his best, about his mother’s battles with alcoholism, Hass reflects on the experience of sneaking into a church as a child and bargaining with a statue for his mother’s recovery. After establishing the scene (and it’s a moving one), he makes a surprising turn:

Though mostly when I think of myself
at that age,
I am standing at my older brother’s closet,
studying the shirts,
convinced that I could be absolutely transformed
by something I could borrow.
And the days churned by,
navigable sorrow.

What is peculiar to Hass’s being-in-the-world is how unusually conscious he is of all that is happening outside his given moment, of all that ends up excluded when he focuses. The burden he feels is the abundance of reality, the fact that there is always both a forest and trees (and trees and more trees). When one pages through one’s mental autobiography – particularly in a support-group or a shrink’s office – there is that tendency to highlight those moments when joy or melancholy is at its most acute. The danger is that one will then substitute an inventory of those highlighted passages for the whole, thus diminishing and misrepresenting the whole. Likewise, when one writes this thing the obvious next question is “what about that thing?” And what about every single thing? The crisis that arises is a crisis of limits, and I think this informs a great deal of his work. To his own imagination (or my sense of it), writing is not so much an act of creation, as it is for someone like Stevens, but an act of re-creation. He dwells, mentally, in an inner-world equal in detail and history to the outer world. As this is the case, certain items are bound to not get the play he’d like to give them. Probably he is too hard on himself as a result. He shouldn’t be.

***

The best poems in the volume: “The Dry Mountain Air,” “After the Winds,” “For Czeslaw Milosz in Krakow,” “Then Time.”


Sunday Houses the Sunday House

Monday, August 20th, 2007

by Elizabeth Hughey
University of Iowa Press 2007
Reviewed by David Sewell

6stars_7

Good Enough

hughey cover

I have no special insight into the cost-revenue ratio employed in the publishing of poetry books, whether the page count determines the cover price or whether there’s any sort of consistency in this regard throughout the industry. Is it laughable to introduce the concept of profit margins when talking about poetry books? Is that $14 price tag a phantom number, something picked blindly out of an overturned beret? Are profits being actively maximized (a necessity with such low volume?), or are publishers just barely keeping the lights on? No matter. What I really wonder is whether a poet who is publishing his/her first book is likely to be given fewer pages by the publisher or whether he/she is just likely to have at his/her disposal fewer pages of poems the publisher is willing to print under its imprimatur. I wonder because it seems that first books lately (or the ones I’ve been reading, anyway) have been slight on page counts. But more disturbing than this page-count modesty is that many of these collections, often of about 50 pages of poems, still contain what might—perhaps too harshly, perhaps perfectly fairly—be called filler.

Which, long way round, is how we arrive at Sunday Houses the Sunday House by Elizabeth Hughey, winner of the 2007 Iowa Poetry Prize. Hughey is a strong poet, but this is not an exceptionally strong book. The good poems in it are quite good. But strip out the lesser poems, which to me seem not nearly half as good as the book’s best poems, and you’re left with only 30 or so pages. Not a lot, really. But I don’t blame Hughey for this. It is more the poetry-prize process, the editor responsible for the shape of the book (am I being naïve here?), and the poetry-industrial complex that deserve the blame.

To be clearer, I think Hughey has a really good book in her, perhaps just over the horizon. Sunday Houses, though, is only about half-way home. Poems like “A One and A,” for example, show a strong, inventive voice with masterful control. Here are the last four lines:

With that, the party that I skipped eight years ago finally ends.
Tony wakes in the kitchen chair, Adam calls a taxi, Katherine
takes off her purple dress, and Dave and Allison move to Austin
with their terrier.

As in this poem, Hughey is often interested in temporality, in troubling linear time by traveling back and forth and all around it. This suspension of events or a line of thought or whatever, this artful time travel is not just a poetic gimmick: it really gets to the seemingly haphazard organizing that goes on in our minds, the time-space relationship in general, the almost arbitrariness of many aspects of ourselves and our lives, and, especially, the relationships and the physical and emotional wounds that just won’t seem to heal no matter how much time has elapsed. Does anything actually stop happening, she seems to be asking, or does our attention just shift? The only problem is that she uses this blueprint more than a few times. In a longer book, maybe this is fine; in a book this length, with poems this length (short), the foundation starts to look less solid.

She takes us backwards in time in “The Long Hello” (“I am going to live this whole thing backwards next time”), to arrive at the really good closing line, “After years of eating saffron, I will know nothing about saffron.” But then we have “Country Song” and “Happiest Hours” later in the book, on facing pages. From “Country Song”: “When I received a letter / from you, I had already read it.” From “Happiest Hours”: “I walk back through the / years, knock on George’s door, and find him on the couch.” The book isn’t chiefly about traveling backwards in time, which would, perhaps, justify repeated sorties in this direction. And it’s short, so three or four instances of the exact same engine in a relatively small space come across less like a theme than a lack of inspiration. On their own, though, these poems are strong. The closing of “Happiest Hours” is almost worth the price of admission:

They’ll have a baby named after a common flower. Some hot
nights, George will sleep naked on the kitchen floor. It gets pretty
bad again after that, so I tell him that I’ll stop for now. He says to
get from his apartment to a cornfield, you have to do much more
than go left.

But the strength of the individual poems is weakened by the reality of the book, and that’s a real shame, and is unfair to the poems and to their writer. It’s an old complaint, but it’s still true that if you set the bar high for yourself, and Hughey clearly does, every attempt that fails to achieve such a height will be especially clear. Whether this is fair doesn’t really matter. 

I’m not arguing for a book as a sort of monolith, for a book full of the same sort of poems. Like every word, every line, every poem…every book is its own little monster, and it’d be idiotic (a mode I’m surely not above), to argue for some blueprint or other. I’m only saying that, in the book that I have here to review, the temporally complicated, world-upside-down, event- or character-driven poems (which often appear in prose blocks, or at least long-lined poems) are infinitely more successful than the other poems, which vary in their exact form (lineated usually, in couplets sometimes) but are, as a whole, more image driven, much shorter, and lacking the spark that seems responsible for the better poems.

In “Looks Skyward in Coastal Counties,” we have, apparently, answers to questions we’re not privy to: “A blue ribbon, James. / The Great Lakes, Richard.” Such lines, and the poems they compose, seem like not much more than ballast. “Warnings to Be Heeded” lists warnings to be heeded. We might read something biographical in the things listed, but even then, there’s not a lot there. “Subjects Not Suitable for Autofocus, Fuji Instruction Manual / Love, by Guy De Maupassant” is a strange and clever found poem, contrasting lines from a camera manual with lines from the syphilitic Frenchman. There’s a “telephone play”, a poem called “Tied for Impiety” that lists examples of things or people who are tied for impiety…my point is that these poems seem more inspired by the need to write a poem than by something burning hot inside the poet. And, at the risk of repeating myself, this is a first book, and I can’t help but believe that a first book should be a big, unified artistic/poetic/aesthetic/personal statement, not a sometimes-really-good-sometimes-just-okay compilation.

The other lesser poems, I’m not so sure what they’re up to—mainly they ruminate or riff on an image for not very long, racing, it seems, to get to the end (the last five lines of the 11-line “Egg, Egg,” for instance). Often these are very short poems, more imagistic and more abstract. “Look Skyward in Coastal Counties,” “Not to Mention the Trees Coming Up to My Waist,” and “What Bird,” for example, seem to operate on a level of mysteriousness that neither benefits the poems nor is earned by the lines that are present in them. Other poems (“Afternoon,” “Dogwood, David, Dogwood”) are perhaps too clearly and too strongly driven by the concept behind them (and, though, in truth, I find “Dogwood, David, Dogwood” to be a strange choice for the last poem in this collection, it does have its charms).   

But anyway. The dissolution of constructs—whether linear time or the domestic order or actual houses and people—is a lot of what’s happening in these poems. It’s an interesting viewpoint, a real attempt to examine, like an even more articulate Demian, the life around us by taking it apart, by walking all over it. Indeed, it seems that it’s domesticity that Hughey has her most trenchant observations about—and where she most consistently shines. Though the author photo belies the sentiment somewhat, lines like “I am no across- / the-room beauty” and “I play the woman / as cool as an open refrigerator” show a talented poet with an intriguing personal point of view, and lines like “Nothing is left unfucked in this world” and “The wrecked world is mending itself like a starfish” take that beyond the personal. And in a really interesting way.

It seems, though, that Hughey is really only able to strut her stuff in a certain type of poem, the ones I’ve been talking about as being successful. While I can hear the opposing viewpoint, that shorter, lighter, somehow different poems add levity and balance and make for a better book, in this case, I’m not buying it. And that is, basically, my argument for why one half of this book is better than the other half—the less-good poems seem less important not just to me or to the imaginary reader, but to the writer.

But this is starting to feel like I’m grinding a personal axe, which is less the case than that I feel the need to approach this review in a way that interests me as well as, hopefully, you. The mystery inherent in good poetry, I think, makes a lot of reviewing beside the point anyway. As I’ve said, these are many good poems here, but good is not always (if ever) good enough. Sunday Houses the Sunday House was good enough for the Iowa Poetry Prize, but was the Iowa Poetry Prize good enough to Sunday Houses the Sunday House? Hard to say.

*


Crossing to Sunlight Revisited: New and Selected Poems

Friday, April 20th, 2007

by Paul Zimmer
University of Georgia Press 2007
Reviewed by Melinda Wilson

six

Think “Harry” from Harry & Tonto

crossing to sunlight revisitedIt is not often that a “new and selected” documents the progressions, departures, and returns of a writer’s consciousness as lucidly and profoundly as Paul Zimmer’s Crossing to Sunlight Revisited (the long-awaited sequel to 1996’s Crossing to Sunlight: Selected Poems). Zimmer’s newer poems are at the start of the book; they chronicle his ascension into, what seems to be, comfortable old age. Note that “old” is not my word here; in fact, in his preface, Zimmer informs us that he is “no longer an aging poet or an older poet.” He says, “I am an old poet.” 

So, what does it mean to be an old poet? The opening poem in Crossing to Sunlight suggests that to be an old poet means to finally understand one’s place among other lives, or at least to feel comfortable in it. The poem that begins the book, “Because I am Heir to Many Things:,” speaks to the idea of fitting one’s hollow perfectly. The narrator describes a grouse as “just another brother” reflecting a soul that feels at peace with his fellow lives. He deems every life equal and thus has nothing to envy; rather, he has an immense sense of brotherhood.

Zimmer’s identification with other creatures manifests itself successfully in these new poems not only because it is unifying, but also because it beautifully defines Zimmer as an individual. This self-definition is a constant throughout the book, appearing in both new poems and old. As connected as all things are, they are equally separate. For instance, in “Zimmer Lurches from Chair to Chair,” the narrator states, “Zimmer speaks bravely to his body, / addressing it from forehead to toes.” Here, the same respect that is given to the grouse is given to his own body as an individual and distinct entity. It has its own life, separate from Zimmer, but it is also a part of him and under his control, also like the grouse, which, it seems worth mentioning, is primarily a game bird.

But more than just living elements are rewarded such immense respect from Zimmer. He praises the intangible elements as well; in “The Moment,” he likens silence to a worshipful ceremony: “I come upon three solemn yearlings / attending the silence.” The word “attending” here allows the reader to understand silence in a new way. Silence is often thought of as nothing, but here it is observed as though it were a holy presence. Zimmer subtly points out that in this way, animals can often be highly perceptive, perhaps more so than humans. These yearlings—deer I think—have an obviously acute sense of the spiritual even if they are not cognizant of it as such.

The respect that Zimmer displays for other living beings goes beyond appreciation; it is often homage or admiration. This is the case in my favorite poem of the collection, “Dog Music.” I give you the whole of the first stanza:

Amongst dogs are listeners and singers.
My big dog sang with me so purely,
puckering her ruffled lips into an O,
beginning with small, swallowing sounds
like Coltrane musing, then rising to power
and resonance, gulping air to continue—
her passion and sense of flawless form—
singing with me, but mostly for the art of dogs.

I love this poem. Again, the concept of interspecies unity surfaces. The dog takes pride in howling for and with her master. Singing the duet allows the dog to be both a lone wolf and a pack animal. She is not singing for her master alone, but for herself and “the art of dogs.” Nevertheless, the man and the dog are not independent of one another; they have become a pack, a herd, a flock, a team.

The understanding and appreciation for life that is present in Zimmer’s newer poems is in its larval stage in his older poems. Instead of the comfort with mortality that we see in the last lines of a newer poem, “Desiderium” (“The unfaltering sunlit parade / Of faithful moving toward God” reminiscent of, though contrasting Sexton’s The Awful Rowing Towards God), we see a fear of death or growing old that precedes its acceptance.

If one fears death and death is inevitably set into motion by the maker, then God himself is death—and to be feared. From “Zimmer in Grade School”: “I feared everything: God…” And later in “What Zimmer Would Be”: “I saw my aunt die slowly of cancer / And a man struck down by a car.”

One of the most chilling poems in the collection is an older one. It’s called “The Brain of the Spider.” The spider is bloodcurdling enough, but that’s not enough for Zimmer, who goes on to the brain.  Consider the final three lines:

The unnerving grayness of its patience,
White speed of its sudden charges,
The raven segment it maintains for death.

The spider too will die and maybe it unaccountably recognizes this, reserves a certain portion of its awareness for something like departure, perhaps extermination. Either way, whatever fear I had of spiders before reading this poem has only been compounded by the idea that somewhere in its tiny head it has a brain somehow similar to my own— even if only in the fact that we refer to it as a “brain.”

Raven segment or not, death quickly takes its place as the central force in the older poems and though I realize that many New and Selected collections are organized with the newer poems at the front and the others in later sections, I feel that this might not have been the wisest decision for Zimmer’s book. A more interesting arc would have been to mirror the very arc of life that is spoken to so eloquently throughout these poems. I say start with the old, terrifying poems, build up the fear of death and slowly move into its acceptance. Then end with “Because I Am Heir to Many Things:.” Maybe I am only saying this because I desire a successful model for aging.

Unfortunately, if Zimmer’s aged wisdom proves apt in displaying human-to-human and human-to-animal relationships, the animal-to-animal relationships leave him with the full blown preciousness he’s usually able to keep at bay. Two horses who “rub muzzles” are particularly disappointing victims:

Together they prance to
The choicest pasture,
Standing together and apart,
To be glad until
They can no longer be glad.

You should never speak the word “prance,” let alone write it in a poem.

Despite my opposition to the book’s arrangement, the final poem works well as a closer. Again a grand similitude is made—the universe within an apple. I’ll leave you with the last stanza of “In Apple Country”:

I lean back in my garden chair and watch
The great harvests turn slowly in vast distances—
Red, yellow, green, their blemishes and tiny wormholes
Revolving in the October sky all the way
Out to the round ends of the universe.

*


Cleopatra Haunts the Hudson

Friday, April 13th, 2007

by Sarah White
Spuyten Duyvil 2007
Reviewed by Komo Ananda

6stars_7

Plum Benefits

cleopatra haunts the hudsonLike plums? Good, so do I.  You might like them even better as metaphor:

 

 

I had to free my mind from the troublesome plum,
the notion of treasure in someone’s dim
past, plum to pull from the pie still dripping,
the one true plum, not anonymous plums in the jam
but Damson and sentimental ones, plums on the path
to somewhere, the trouble that simmers

within the skin, as purpose simmers
in pilgrims who choose the Way of the Plum.

These wonderfully meditative lines from Sarah White’s sestina “Plum” are pulled along with excellent external and internal rhymes. But even if we don’t get a sense of tranquility from the sound, we are lulled in by the plum as if it were a mantra.  There’s a mystical message in the many meanings and forms of the plum that we can envisage if we adopt the Way of the Plum.

White’s first book, Cleopatra Haunts the Hudson, provides an amusing journey through sound and meter, with an underlying emphasis on the power of a single word.  “Plum” is also an example of how she tends to reach for something spiritual in the mundane; indeed, her search is the search for Barlach’s “things behind reality.” This is not a new conquest for a poet, but the historical context she uses to frame her sonic and rhythmic paintings keeps the pages turning and leads us deftly in and out of the imaginative and literal worlds.

White doesn’t allow us to wallow in the esoteric.  As soon as we’re on the brink of being lost, she uses her historical poems to jerk us back.  In a series of four epistolic poems entitled “Pen Names: (1) Anne’s pen, (2) The Name Keats, (3) Woman Trabadour, and (4) The Blue stream,” White writes about men and women of letters, and how their personal lives have influenced their writing.  “Anne’s Pen” tells the circumstance of Anne Frank’s imprisonment (in hiding) and her friendship with her diary “Kitty.”  She uses factual information from Anne Frank, The Diary of a Young Girl to create a metaphor for the Shoah and ultimately a metaphor for Anne’s death through cremation, like her lost pen:

Next day, the clip was found
among the ashes, not a trace
of the gold nib…must have melted
into stone.

In “The Name Keats” White puns a little with Keats’s name and circumstances; she illuminates Keats’s idea of negative capability alongside his own insecurities as a deathly ill writer who might not stand the test of time. Next comes “Woman Troubador,” in which White skillfully invokes the tradition of feminine perseverance amid patriarchal rule; revered women such as Dante’s Beatrice, who leads Dante to God, and Ysabella Castile, who helped her husband Ferdinand II of Aragon lay the foundation for the unification of Spain, make appearances.

In “The Blue Stream,” the final poem in the “Pen Name” series, White alludes to herself as a woman of letters.  She builds upon historical content, I believe, in an attempt to begin developing her place in the feminine poetic tradition. In the opening line the pen is addressed again:

My plastic pen has inched
across the page,
grown pale, and fainted
like some corset-clad,
consumptive girl.

She questions the pen for the lack of muse, or a woman’s place in poetry.

White is predominantly a poet of ideas; I was reminded of Stevens and the idea of extracting from the everyday experience to enter the imaginative world.  Two poems,  “City of Remembered Cities” and “Natural History Learned On The M-4 Bus” directly address the circumstances of a city. In “City of Remembered Cities” we are given a description of what cities were built upon, that the foundation of a city lies in its past, present, and future:

A river divides our city in principal parts.
Bridges are named for leaders,
victories, and lovers
who walk beside the river.

Any labeling of a bridge, be it by government or individual, is the imposition of the imagination. As the poem continues, history is presented as the labor of human muscle, succinctly leading to the present and future that includes all relevant parties:

Higher bridges
display the craft of steelworkers
and spiders. Lower bridges
figure in watercolors…

…Those who know who they are
are asked to be governors.  Thos who don’t
are asked to be actors.   Passengers
are asked to avoid irregular situations.

Thanks to alphabetical
order, the city remains grammatical.
Tallness rhymes with smallness.
Near a Spire of Triumph

burns the flame of our irreparable loss.

It seems a city is built on tangible things, but that its inhabitants become ingrained and rooted in its system and create narratives to survive.  They imagine the city indestructible until their stories no longer work, until history repeats itself and all are forced to look starkly on what’s been created in order to decided what might continue to work.  White demonstrates a keen understanding of the fact that imagination constructs a life as steel, governors and citizens construct a city—and that both are subject to revision with the passage of time.

These ideas have already been dealt with by Stevens, Milosz, Ashbery and maybe hundreds of others. At times White also perhaps borders on being lyrically sweet. But her interest in incorporating the feminine tradition alongside that of the kingdom of the imagination makes this book relevant. There is a time-honored tradition of skilled poets publishing first books late in their careers, and White shows a hard-earned sense of wisdom in Cleopatra.  There is also, on a very fundamental level, love and faith in language and the single word, be it plum, pen, city, imagination or reality.

*


Ooga-Booga

Thursday, March 8th, 2007

by Frederick Seidel
Farrar, Straus & Giroux 2006
Reviewed by Melinda Wilson

6stars_7

An Exopthalmic, Psychosexual Animal

ooga boogaAs if the photograph on the cover wasn’t enough to scare me, Seidel’s opening poem in his latest—Ooga-Booga­­—is titled “Kill Poem.” All right, my hopes weren’t high, but as I started to read the poem, I got into it. I’m a sucker for animals or “the animal,” which, I think, is a befitting title for Seidel, and “Kill Poem” is certainly packed with the animalistic: “of the chased-down fox bleeding its stink across the snow.” So, it’s a hunting poem?

But, the title gives away the fact that there’s more to this poem than hunting foxes and deer. The poem quickly evolves into a political commentary: “Winter, spring, Baghdad, fall,” “I am in a killing field,” “I am civilized but / I see the silence.” By the end of the poem, I’m stunned, but left with the question, what exactly is poetry’s role in this killing? I never really found out.

Seidel shows in Ooga-Booga that he is a technical poet. Many of his lines are end-stopped and even when the thought hasn’t been completed the line is stopped with a period. The emphatic building this induces creates a certain tension in the poem that grows, but somehow never climaxes. The tension is a constant until the final, harrowing lines of the book: “Open the mummy case of this text respectfully. / You find no one inside.” And even then there is still the closing of the book followed by the final glare of the cover photograph.

Even when Seidel is at his most technical, stern, or shuddersome, he manages to find room for humor, as in “Fog”: “The Lord is my shepherd and the Director of Superbike Racing.” The obvious allusion to the 23rd psalm—which reappears in a later poem “East Hampton Airport”—combined with Seidel’s fanaticism for Superbike Racing makes this line fantastically funny. This is a common gimmick of Seidel’s—filching famed lines—and though his efforts are sometimes successful, too often they fall short as in “E-mail from an Owl” (which I think we can all agree is a damn good title). The poem is humorous as you might imagine and about half way through it invokes the Lord’s Prayer.  Discussing an irrigation system, said line reads, “Drip us this day our daily bread, or rather this night.” Get it? Drip? Yeah, anyway…

My other problem with Seidel’s sense of funny is his consistent reliance on gross-out jokes. These types of jokes stopped working on me around age 12, but maybe it’s different for men. The poem “Dick and Fred” has one line in particular that I can’t find justification for. Here it is: “Holofernes’ startled head farts blood.” Ugh… Holofernes is a figure from the deuterocanonical Book of Judith. As you probably guessed, he was beheaded (while drunk by the seductress Judith; shameful.). But still. Farts? Really? Not to mention the fact that the line “cunt with a dick” is repeated throughout the poem. Real classy. Perhaps a worse line appears in “Barbados.” “Diarrhea in a condom is the outcome.” Who is this guy?

If you haven’t heard of him, know he’s been in the game a long time, and has a reputation as sort of a New York City recluse. What I can say for him is that his wit is unique, often punny with lines like “cheerily suicidal, so sui-Seidel.” I agree; this is funny. Another example would be from “The Death of the Shah” in which Seidel writes, “I remember the Duck and Duckess of Windsor. / You could entertain them in your house.” Hilarity.  And if you find sexual imagery or graphic reference to the body interesting than this book is a must read. Also in “The Death of the Shah,” Seidel confesses “Here I am, not a practical man / …Seeking sexual pleasure above all else…” I believe that.

When not preoccupied with functions of the anus, Seidel’s explorations could be described as psychosexual (emphasis on psycho). He writes about a racer being a wonderful sexual partner with the exception of its lack of tits in “Dante’s Beatrice” and about his allegedly “dynamite penis” in “Climbing Everest.” And check out these lines from “Mother Nature”: “Mother nature went to China / China the vagina.” Okay, that’s enough.

Nevertheless, comedy or comedic attempts don’t dominate the book. And often the humor is a stab at reaching a far more serious sentiment. Perhaps anger or frustration. Ooga-Booga delves into the grave state of the nation. It makes repeated reference to the 9-11 attacks, the War in Iraq, and none of them taken lightly, but rather weighted with, from what I can gather, shame and opposition. The book even contains a poem titled “The Bush Administration.” The poem is in eight parts, maybe one for each dreadful year… But let’s not forget that when Seidel is funny, he’s the funniest. I’ll leave you with the whole of my favorite poem from Ooga-Booga:

I am Siam

I saw the moon in the sky at sunset over a river pink as a ham.
I am the governess imported from England by me,
The widowed King of Siam.
I drop down on one knee.
I want to marry me.
Where you are I am.
Là où tu es je suis. Où tu es je suis.
I drop down on one knee.
I want to marry me.
I do a saut de chat at sunset over a silver spoon of jam.
Jam for the royal children, Felicity
And Sam.
I am the English governess imported from England by me.
I am the widowed King of Siam! The widowed King of Siam!

*

 


Where X Marks the Spot

Wednesday, January 17th, 2007

by Bill Zavatsky
Hanging Loose Press 2006
Reviewed by Mike McDonough

six
The Unmuted Second-Stringer

where x marks the spotBill Zavatsky is an excellent bench player for the New York School, and one of the strong points of Hanging Loose’s team. Left-handed as that is, I mean it as a compliment.  Can we say for sure where the ’96 Yankees have wound up if Charlie Hayes had flubbed that ninth-inning pop-up? Where would Earl Weaver’s Orioles have been without John Lowenstein, or the mid-80’s Mets without Rusty Staub? OK, don’t answer that last one.  Zavatsky’s strength is the hard-earned knowledge of second-stringers gained from his ten years as a jazz pianist playing in obscure clubs.

Zavatsky published his first book of poems in 1975. By then, he had already worked as a jazz pianist and critic.  Since then, he has become known for his work with SUN press, and his award-winning translations of Andre Breton.  I am impressed by the variety of subject matter and tone in X Marks the Spot, and the appealing focus he has brought to thirty years of work.  Given Zavatsky’s love of the occasional and themed poem, he has recently been better represented in anthologies than his own books.  In certain circles, he has achieved an almost Gump-like ubiquity while killing the fewest trees.  Instead of stressing his surrealist credentials, his new book favors his disarmingly accessible take on confessional poetry (I’m convinced there’s no such thing as confessional poetry, but that’s another review).  He makes us look at his (and our) least flattering moments in a less psychologically claustrophobic, more humorous way than we might expect.  All this is welcome, even if Zavatsky is more comfortable than most at wearing his heart on his sleeve.  It depends on what you expect art to do. 

In his essay, “Civilization and its Opposite in the 1940’s,” Guy Davenport suggests a dichotomy that describes American art of the period: “muteness” and “song.” He suggests that “song” would be folkloric art, filled with stories and myth; and that “muteness” would “elegantly subjugate subject matter to (an abstract) style.”  Davenport then complains that muteness has been the rage: that too few appreciate the spiritual pulse of Charles Burchfield, for example, because it is almost too out in the open, somehow indecent in what it reveals, too individualistic to place in cold, neat categories that all the muteness-loving, professorial art critics prefer. 

Zavatsky will have none of this categorical crankiness.  Early on in the book, “Evita” neatly shows two characters on the subway, a silent black woman “whose face has been painted completely white,” and a man singing songs from the musical Evita in a Spanish accent.  The singer sees the woman, and doing “a perfect silent-movie double take,” he proceeds to sing the rest of his songs to her, dancing around the pole, becoming so absorbed with his song and dance that he fails to notice when she leaves the train.    When the doors open for Columbus Circle, he is blocked by a hesitant passenger, and instantly transforms into a real New Yorker: “Hey! C’monin or out!” flapping his hands, “I gotta get to work!” It is not a question of decency—though it turns out the two characters have nothing to say to each other, it is because both of them hide behind their memorable masks.

A standout pair of poems about Bill Evans makes a similar point concerning abstraction and emotion in art.  My favorite is the poem addressed to the audience heard on the historic recordings at the Village Vanguard in July, 1961.  The poem is not as much about what Evans was doing on stage, but what the audience was doing: chattering away, clinking dishes, ordering drinks.  He wonders if they now listen to the recording, point to their chattering voices, and say, “Hey, honey— that’s me“. Beyond these barbs, he wishes he could help them hear the miracle occurring right in front of them, to distract them from their distracted lives: 

I’ve wanted to see them stiffen and cry out,
“Oh, my God! You mean that, that was going on
across the room from my martini?”
“I missed the whole damn thing
for that worthless man I spent twenty
of the worst years of my life with!”

The poem ends: “Listen, I’m putting on the first track now. Hear it if you couldn’t hear it then, wherever you are, whoever you were that day.”

The other is an elegy originally printed in the liner notes for Evans’ last completed album, You Must Believe in Spring. The poem does not shy away from its birth as a liner note (The CD art also includes a reproduction of a “singing” Charles Burchfield painting, one of those spring ones where bare, March branches reach up to a radiant ball of light). The poem gracefully accepts its occasional nature, the river of its grief.  Together, these poems help us question the critical canard that Evans’ early, more abstract music was his only great work, and that late Evans was only drowning in his own tears.  Though he normally favors the expressive mode, Zavatsky knows the expressive and the mute are equally well masked; that it is a mistake to think of one mode as more artistically relevant.

This is the chief wisdom of Where X Marks the Spot.  There is no shying away from emotion, as well as the ways we use to hide from it.  In “My Uncle at the Wake” the speaker, trying to understand his childhood, obsessively asks his uncle about why he reached out to him all those years ago; only the final line reveals that the man lying in the coffin is the speaker’s father. 

One of the very few places in the book his balance falters though, is the eight-page poem “Beetle,” about his cat dying of cancer.  The poem wallows in Beetle’s pathetic last days in a desperate, clinging way.  There is a suggestion that the cat’s death is a stand-in for the death of his father, but this is weighted like the surprisingly feathery thing the dead cat becomes.  In contrast to the previous poem about his father, the suggestion of silent depth is not leveraged enough to balance the cloying sentimentality expressed on the surface.  My exemplar modern cat elegy is admittedly a leap, but I think Louis MacNeice’s “The Death of A Cat” (also fairly long), for all its obvious manner is a better poem partly because of its sprightly catalogue of cat-ness recalling Christopher Smart’s “For My Cat Jeoffry,” and partly because it is addressed to a second person rather than the cat.

Another high point is a poem about a greasy, grasping bandleader named Danny, who promotes an incompetent but gorgeous singer during the band’s gig at a Bridgeport, CT strip club, mostly to get her in bed. The poem turns on the speaker’s inability to reach out to the singer as she runs off stage, crying, knowing she has failed. The speaker realizes that he had been distracted by his own greasy fantasies about the stripper.  Another poem tells about Steve Royal, who could have been a major league pitcher, but had to stop because of a weak heart. Though Royal became an excellent saxophonist who had brief stints with famous bands, he ended up playing at high school dances.   Unlike Zavatsky and his other young friends, Steve was confident enough with his own life that he never felt cheated that he couldn’t leave his family and his roots behind for fame or art.

Zavatsky cites Harvey Shapiro as “mentor and friend.”  While he has Shapiro’s accessibility and self-deprecating humor, Zavatsky is miles away from Shapiro’s tense, gnomic wisdom, yet disarming enough (except for the cat poem) to nudge me off my critical high horse—perhaps the just-goofy-enough author photo helped my mood. I haven’t quoted many lines, but the humorous and touching surprises in these poems rarely turn on a dime—these poems are at their best read whole.  In X Marks the Spot, Bill Zavatsky puts his volubility in its best light.  He knows that despite our best intentions we probably can’t talk ourselves into wisdom; but he believes we might be able to talk ourselves into more toleration, compassion, and humor, towards ourselves and others.  And in the end, that’s pretty good.

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